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A Self-Assembled, Low-Cost, Microstructured Layer for Extremely Stretchable Gold Films.

Heather L Filiatrault1, R Stephen Carmichael1, Rachel A Boutette1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor , Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B3P4.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 25, 2015
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Summary

Researchers developed a low-cost method using white glue to create stretchable, conductive gold-coated films on PDMS. These films maintain low resistance under high strain, enabling sensitive wearable strain sensors.

Keywords:
conductorsstrain sensorsstretchable electronicsstretchable interconnectswearable electronics

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing stretchable and conductive materials is crucial for advanced electronics.
  • Existing methods often involve complex or expensive fabrication processes.
  • Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a versatile elastomer but requires functionalization for conductive applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a simple, low-cost, and green method for creating highly stretchable and conductive films.
  • To investigate the strain-localization mechanism in microstructured gold coatings on PDMS.
  • To demonstrate the application of these films as sensitive wearable strain sensors.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microstructured coating on PDMS using an aqueous emulsion of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) white glue.
  • Conformal coating of the microstructured surface with gold.
  • Characterization of the electrical resistance and mechanical properties under uniaxial stretching.
  • Tuning the microstructure by adjusting PVAc concentration to modulate strain sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • The PDMS/glue/gold structures exhibited remarkable conductivity retention (23 times initial resistance) up to 65% elongation.
  • The microstructured surface localized strain, initiating microcracks that prevented long-range propagation and preserved conduction pathways.
  • Adjusting PVAc concentration allowed tuning of resistance changes and enhanced strain sensitivity.
  • Successful demonstration as wearable, soft strain sensors.

Conclusions:

  • A facile and eco-friendly approach yields highly stretchable and conductive gold-coated PDMS films.
  • The microstructured interface is key to the material's robust performance under strain.
  • These materials are promising for applications in wearable electronics and soft strain sensing.