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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
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The cytoskeletal architecture can be studied using different microscopic and biochemical techniques. Electron microscopy was instrumental in discovering the cytoskeletal architecture around the 1960s, which allowed obtaining structural information at a high-resolution level. However, the sample preparation procedure often limits this ability in biological samples. Several protocols have been developed over the years to optimize sample preparation. In one of the protocols known as rotary...
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Application of Atomic Force Microscopy to Detect Early Osteoarthritis
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Detecting changes in arthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes using atomic force microscopy.

Jee-Wook Lee1, Myoung-Ryul Ok2, Sangmook Lee3

  • 1School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Korea.

Microscopy Research and Technique
|August 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals distinct surface roughness in arthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) compared to normal FLS. This difference offers a potential diagnostic tool for early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) detection at the cellular level.

Keywords:
Atomic force microscopyfibroblast-like synoviocytemorphologyrheumatoid arthritisroughness of cellular surface

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Rheumatology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis relies on identifying specific cellular changes.
  • Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play a crucial role in RA pathogenesis.
  • Quantitative morphological analysis of FLS can offer diagnostic insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate morphological and quantitative differences between arthritic and normal FLS.
  • To evaluate the potential of atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a diagnostic tool for RA.
  • To correlate FLS surface roughness with RA pathogenesis duration.

Main Methods:

  • Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were isolated from collagen-induced arthritic (CIA) mice and normal mice.
  • Synovial tissue samples were collected at 5-week and 8-week pathogenesis periods.
  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to analyze FLS surface roughness.

Main Results:

  • Arthritic FLS exhibited significantly higher surface roughness around the nucleus and cytoplasm compared to normal FLS (P < 0.05).
  • The surface roughness of arthritic FLS increased with the duration of RA pathogenesis.
  • AFM demonstrated quantifiable differences in FLS morphology between arthritic and normal states.

Conclusions:

  • AFM can effectively differentiate between arthritic and normal FLS based on surface roughness.
  • AFM shows promise as a diagnostic tool for early RA detection at the intercellular level.
  • This technique may be applicable for diagnosing other intercellular diseases.