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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Evaluation
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is classified into subtypes based on the predominant bowel habits as determined by the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS). The subtypes are:
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

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Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Related Experiment Video

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Perturbations of Circulating miRNAs in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Detected Using a Multiplexed High-throughput Gene Expression Platform
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Towards a systems view of IBS.

Emeran A Mayer1, Jennifer S Labus1, Kirsten Tillisch2

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7378, USA.

Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
|August 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This review presents a new systems-based disease model for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). It integrates brain-gut interactions, genetics, and the microbiome to guide the development of effective IBS therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Systems biology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Current understanding of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) pathophysiology lacks a comprehensive disease model.
  • Existing knowledge focuses on peripheral and central mechanisms but has not yielded novel, effective therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a systems-based disease model for IBS.
  • To integrate novel insights into brain-gut interactions with peripheral mechanisms.
  • To guide the development of more effective IBS treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging findings on functional and structural brain signatures in IBS.
  • Analysis of correlations between brain networks and genomic, gastrointestinal, immune, and gut-microbiome parameters.
  • Synthesis of existing literature on peripheral mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Identification of distinct brain signatures associated with IBS.
  • Emerging correlations between brain networks and various biological parameters.
  • Integration of these findings into a novel systems-based IBS model.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive systems-based model of IBS is proposed.
  • This model enhances understanding of IBS pathophysiology.
  • The model offers a framework for developing improved therapeutic strategies for IBS.