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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

17.3K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
17.3K
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
10.0K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

7.9K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
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Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

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Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
9.9K
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

4.2K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark
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Isolation and Cultivation of Neural Progenitors Followed by Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation of Histone 3 Lysine 79 Dimethylation Mark

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Histone methylation modifiers in cellular signaling pathways.

Hunain Alam1, Bingnan Gu1, Min Gyu Lee2,3,4

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|August 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Histone methylation modifiers regulate gene expression and cellular signaling. Their dysregulation contributes to cancer by altering oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression and aberrant signaling pathways.

Keywords:
Histone demethylaseHistone methylationHistone methyltransferaseOncogenic signalingTumor suppressor pathway

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Histone methyltransferases and demethylases epigenetically control gene expression.
  • These modifiers also regulate non-histone protein methylation, impacting cellular signaling.
  • Dysregulation of these modifiers is linked to cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of histone methylation modifiers in key cellular signaling pathways.
  • To highlight their involvement in oncogenesis and cellular transformation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of histone methylation modifiers.
  • Analysis of their roles in specific signaling pathways (NF-κB, RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, p53, ERα).

Main Results:

  • Histone methylation modifiers are crucial regulators of gene expression and protein function.
  • Aberrant activity of these modifiers leads to dysregulated signaling cascades.
  • Altered methylation states of effector proteins contribute to cellular transformation.

Conclusions:

  • Histone methylation modifiers are critical players in cellular signaling networks.
  • Targeting these epigenetic regulators offers potential therapeutic strategies for cancer.
  • Understanding their roles is essential for deciphering cancer biology.