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Related Concept Videos

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
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The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
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Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
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Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

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A Phosphoinositide Code for Primary Cilia.

Fubito Nakatsu1

  • 1Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.

Developmental Cell
|August 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Investigating phosphoinositide metabolism, this study reveals its crucial role in primary cilia function. Proper protein transport and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling depend on specific phosphoinositide distribution within these cellular structures.

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Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
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Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
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Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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Single-molecule Super-resolution Imaging of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the Plasma Membrane with Novel Fluorescent Probes
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Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The intricate relationship between phosphoinositide metabolism and primary cilia physiology remains largely unexplored.
  • Primary cilia are critical cellular organelles involved in various signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate how phosphoinositide metabolism influences primary cilia function.
  • To understand the role of INPP5E in regulating phosphoinositide distribution within primary cilia.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely involved biochemical assays to analyze phosphoinositide levels.
  • Protein localization studies within primary cilia were probably employed.
  • Analysis of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway activity was likely performed.

Main Results:

  • INPP5E-mediated phosphoinositide metabolism establishes a specific phosphoinositide distribution in primary cilia.
  • This precise distribution is essential for correct protein trafficking to and within the cilia.
  • Proper protein trafficking is shown to be critical for effective Hedgehog (Hh) signaling.

Conclusions:

  • INPP5E plays a key role in coupling phosphoinositide metabolism to primary cilia physiology.
  • The study highlights the importance of phosphoinositide distribution for protein transport and Hh signaling in primary cilia.