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Related Concept Videos

The Representativeness Heuristic02:13

The Representativeness Heuristic

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The representative heuristic describes a biased way of thinking, in which you unintentionally stereotype someone or something. For example, you may assume that your professors spend their free time reading books and engaging in intellectual conversation, because the idea of them spending their time playing volleyball or visiting an amusement park does not fit in with your stereotypes of professors.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

A Novel Method for Involving Women of Color at High Risk for Preterm Birth in Research Priority Setting
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Who should Decide for the Unrepresented?

Andrew Courtwright, Emily Rubin

    Bioethics
    |August 27, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Physicians should make end-of-life decisions for unrepresented patients, who lack decision-making capacity. While ethics committees can advise, the treating physician

    Area of Science:

    • Medical Ethics
    • Bioethics
    • Clinical Decision-Making

    Background:

    • Unrepresented patients cannot make medical decisions.
    • Lack of consensus exists on surrogate decision-makers for these patients.
    • Current practice often defaults to treating physicians, with some advocating for ethics committees.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the adequacy of physicians versus ethics committees as decision-makers for unrepresented patients.
    • To argue for the physician's primary role in end-of-life decisions for unrepresented patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and ethical argumentation.
    • Analysis of concerns regarding physician and ethics committee adequacy.
    • Examination of fiduciary duties in medical decision-making.
    Keywords:
    best interestsethics committeesnrepresentedsubstituted judgmentsurrogate decision makingunbefriended

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    Main Results:

    • Concerns about physicians' adequacy as surrogates are not empirically supported or apply equally to ethics committees.
    • Physicians have fiduciary duties toward their patients, supporting their role as primary decision-makers.

    Conclusions:

    • Treating physicians should be the primary decision-makers for unrepresented patients.
    • Ethics committees should serve in an advisory capacity.
    • Final end-of-life decisions for unrepresented patients should rest with the treating physician.