Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 5, 2026
11:19
Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
Published on: January 17, 2011
18.9K
Anaesthesia for the paediatric outpatient.
1aPaediatric Anaesthesia, Department of Anaesthesia, Kantonsspital bNeonatal and Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital, Luzern, Switzerland.
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology
|August 27, 2015
Summary
Recent advancements in pediatric outpatient anesthesia focus on agent selection and managing postoperative complications. Propofol is preferred for diagnostic imaging, while prophylactic antiemetics are recommended for all patients to ensure smooth recovery.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Anesthesiology
- Outpatient Anesthesia
- Pain Management
Background:
- Pharmacological premedication in pediatric outpatient anesthesia remains debated.
- The optimal anesthetic technique for diagnostic imaging is evolving.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent developments in pediatric anesthesia relevant to outpatient practice.
- To inform practitioners on current trends and evidence-based approaches.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent publications in pediatric anesthesia.
- Analysis of evidence regarding anesthetic agents, premedication, and postoperative care.
Main Results:
- Nasal dexmedetomidine shows promise but requires further definition.
- Propofol is emerging as the agent of choice for anesthesia during diagnostic imaging.
- Prophylactic antiemetics are recommended for all patients to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting.
- Alpha-2-agonists and propofol are key in preventing postoperative agitation.
Conclusions:
- Effective pediatric outpatient anesthesia requires meticulous organization and skilled practitioners.
- Minimizing complications, pain, agitation, and vomiting are key goals for successful outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
939
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
939
01:24General Anesthesia: Overview
1.0K
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
1.0K
01:20Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview
1.5K
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
1.5K
01:29Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
966
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
966
01:11Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
1.9K
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
1.9K
01:22Stages of General Anesthesia
2.3K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.3K