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Surveillance of the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in developing countries

Gail L Rodgers1, Keith P Klugman1

  • 1a Pneumonia Program; The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation ; Seattle , WA USA.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|August 27, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) significantly reduce child mortality in developing nations. Monitoring vaccine-type carriage in pneumonia cases offers a feasible method to assess ongoing vaccine impact and herd effects.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are a major cause of child morbidity and mortality globally.
  • Developing countries have widely adopted pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) with Gavi support.
  • Early data show PCV is highly effective, providing substantial public health benefits via direct and herd effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) in young children.
  • To explore future vaccination strategies focusing on maintaining herd immunity.
  • To identify feasible methods for evaluating continued vaccine impact.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing data on PCV effectiveness.
  • Evaluation of vaccine-type carriage in pneumonia cases.
  • Assessment of direct and indirect (herd) effects of vaccination programs.

Main Results:

  • PCV introduction has led to significant public health benefits.
  • Vaccine effectiveness is high, contributing to reduced morbidity and mortality.
  • Herd effects are a crucial component of PCV's public health impact.

Conclusions:

  • Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are highly effective in reducing child mortality.
  • Future strategies may prioritize maintaining herd immunity over individual protection.
  • Monitoring vaccine-type carriage in pneumonia cases is a practical approach to measure ongoing PCV impact.

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