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Spraying Respiratory Epithelial Cells to Coat Tissue-Engineered Constructs.

Anja Lena Thiebes¹, Stefanie Albers¹, Christian Klopsch²

¹Department of Tissue Engineering and Textile Implants, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen, Germany .

Bioresearch Open Access

|August 27, 2015

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Spray cell application effectively coats tissue engineered constructs. Vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) and respiratory epithelial cells (RECs) maintained viability and differentiation after spraying, proving its suitability for tissue engineering applications.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Regenerative Medicine
Cell Biology

Background:

Coating tissue engineered constructs with cells presents challenges.
Spray cell application offers a potential solution for uniform cell layer deposition.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of spray application on vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) and respiratory epithelial cells (RECs).
To assess cell viability, cytotoxicity, and in vitro differentiation capacity post-spraying.
To evaluate the influence of fibrin gel during spray application.

Main Methods:

Cells (vSMCs and RECs) were sprayed using a medical device, with and without fibrin gel.
Viability, cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase), morphology, and marker expression were analyzed.

Keywords:

aerosolization cell seeding cell transfer respiratory epithelium tissue engineering viability

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In vitro differentiation and ciliary development were assessed over 28 days using an air-liquid interface model.

Main Results:

vSMC viability was unaffected up to 0.8 bar; higher pressures reduced viability.
REC viability decreased to 88.5% at 0.4 bar.
Short-term morphology and marker expression remained comparable to controls.
Long-term, RECs sprayed without fibrin gel formed organized epithelial layers with ciliary development.
Ciliary development was reduced when RECs were sprayed within fibrin gel.

Conclusions:

Spray application is a viable method for coating tissue engineered constructs with vSMCs and RECs.
This technique is particularly promising for coating complex topographies with RECs.
Fibrin gel may negatively impact long-term ciliary development in sprayed RECs.