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Related Concept Videos

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

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Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
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Increased pulse rate01:17

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Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
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Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

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The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
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Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
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Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

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Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
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Wide complex tachycardia after bupropion overdose.

Vanessa Franco1

  • 1Emergency Medicine, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|August 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Bupropion overdose can cause a dangerous wide complex tachycardia due to sodium channel blockade and QTc prolongation. Sodium bicarbonate effectively treats this specific cardiac toxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Toxicology

Background:

  • Bupropion overdose is a significant clinical concern.
  • Wide complex tachycardia is a potentially life-threatening arrhythmia.
  • Sodium channel blockade and QTc prolongation are known toxic effects of bupropion.

Observation:

  • A case of wide complex tachycardia following bupropion overdose is presented.
  • The tachycardia was responsive to sodium bicarbonate administration.

Findings:

  • The observed wide complex tachycardia was likely caused by bupropion-induced sodium channel blockade and corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation.
  • Sodium bicarbonate effectively reversed the cardiac toxicity.

Implications:

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  • Emergency medicine physicians must recognize wide complex rhythms in bupropion overdose as potential sodium channel toxicity.
  • Misdiagnosis as ventricular tachycardia can lead to harmful treatments like amiodarone, worsening cardiotoxicity.
  • Prompt recognition and treatment with sodium bicarbonate are crucial for managing bupropion-induced cardiotoxicity.