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Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike Lanius Ludovicianus Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern
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Escaping peril: perceived predation risk affects migratory propensity.

Kaj Hulthén1, Ben B Chapman2, P Anders Nilsson3

  • 1Department of Biology, Aquatic Ecology Unit, Lund University, Ecology Building, Lund 223 62, Sweden kaj.hulthen@biol.lu.se.

Biology Letters
|August 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Predation risk influences fish migration. Roach exposed to predators increased migration, while density changes affected timing, demonstrating predator-driven migratory plasticity.

Keywords:
animal migrationenvironmentally inducedfacultative migrationmortality riskpredation

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Animal Behavior
  • Ichthyology

Background:

  • Migratory plasticity is increasingly documented, but its ecological drivers remain unclear.
  • Predation risk is a known factor influencing migratory dynamics in various species.
  • The capacity for seasonal migrants to adjust behavior based on perceived risk is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ecological drivers of migratory plasticity in roach (Rutilus rutilus).
  • To determine if roach can adjust migratory behavior in response to perceived direct and indirect predation risk.
  • To assess how perceived predation risk influences migratory propensity and timing in wild populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electronic tags to monitor the migration of individual roach.
  • Exposed fish to manipulated direct (predator presence/absence) and indirect (roach density) predation risks in experimental mesocosms.
  • Released tagged fish into their natural lake habitat and tracked seasonal migration to connected streams.

Main Results:

  • Fish exposed to direct predation risk (live predator) exhibited higher migratory propensity.
  • Exposure to indirect risk (high roach density) altered migratory timing but not propensity.
  • Elevated perceived risk carried over to influence migratory behavior in the wild.

Conclusions:

  • Predation risk is a significant driver of migratory plasticity in fish.
  • Direct and indirect predation risks can differentially affect migratory propensity and timing.
  • Predator-driven plasticity highlights the crucial role of predation risk in migratory decision-making and population dynamics.