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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
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Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

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Parathyroid cancer.

Fiona McClenaghan1, Yassar A Qureshi1

  • 1Department of Surgery, the Royal London Hospital, London, UK.

Gland Surgery
|August 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine cancer. This review covers its clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and the latest advances in management and histological diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Parathyroid carcinoma is an exceedingly rare endocrine malignancy, accounting for 0.5%-5% of primary hyperparathyroidism cases.
  • Unlike other endocrine malignancies, it is often more hormonally active than its benign counterpart.
  • Clinical and histological diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of definitive distinguishing features early in the disease course.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical features of parathyroid carcinoma.
  • To present current opinions on optimal management strategies.
  • To analyze recent histological advances for improved diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical features.
  • Analysis of current management opinions.
Keywords:
Parathyroid glandendocrine malignancyparathyroid cancerprimary hyperparathyroidism

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Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
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  • Evaluation of recent histological advancements.

    • Main Results:

    • Parathyroid carcinoma presents diagnostic challenges clinically and histologically.
    • Optimal management strategies are still evolving.
    • Histological advancements are aiding in diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare but devastating endocrine malignancy.
    • Early and accurate diagnosis remains a significant challenge.
    • Ongoing research in histology and management is crucial for improving patient outcomes.