Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents01:17

Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

865
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
865
Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Potassium Channel Activators

969
Ezocgabine or retigabine, an antiepileptic drug of remarkable efficacy, has revolutionized the management of seizures. It is a potassium channel activator, explicitly targeting the family of Q subtype potassium channels. It enhances the transmembrane potassium currents, regulating neuronal excitability. This action stabilizes the resting membrane potential, a pivotal factor in mitigating the hyperexcitability that characterizes epilepsy.
Ezogabine has gained approval as an adjunctive treatment...
969
Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone01:29

Anxiolytic Drugs: Benzodiazepines and Buspirone

3.0K
Benzodiazepines are a class of anxiolytic drugs known for their rapid efficacy and high therapeutic-to-lethal dose ratio, but with a potential risk of drug dependence. These drugs are lipophilic, allowing for rapid absorption after oral administration, eventually reaching the central nervous system (CNS). Once in the CNS, benzodiazepines bind to the allosteric site of the GABAA receptor. This binding enhances the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter GABA. By doing so, they prevent...
3.0K
Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

1.7K
γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
1.7K
CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines01:14

CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines

1.7K
CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...
1.7K
Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview01:23

Sedatives and Hypnotics: Overview

2.1K
Sedatives are drugs that alleviate anxiety, while hypnotics induce sleep. Both classes of medication suppress neuronal activity, leading to a calming effect for sedatives and facilitating sleep for hypnotics.
Sedative-hypnotics are categorized into barbiturates, benzodiazepines (BZDs), and non-benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. These drugs work by suppressing central nervous system activity, and this suppression is dose-dependent. Older sedative medications, like barbiturates, follow a linear curve in...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Activation of alveolar epithelial ER stress by β-coronavirus infection disrupts surfactant homeostasis in mice: implications for COVID-19 respiratory failure.

American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology·2024
Same author

Tumor cell E-selectin ligands determine partialefficacy of bortezomib on spontaneous lung metastasis formation of solid human tumors in vivo.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2022
Same author

Obstetric admissions to tertiary level intensive care unit - Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Indian journal of anaesthesia·2019
Same author

Anesthetic and Surgical Management of Mucoid Retention Cyst in the Vallecular Region: An Airway Challenge.

Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons·2018
Same author

Involvement of TIMP-1 in PECAM-1-mediated tumor dissemination.

International journal of oncology·2018
Same author

Assessment of malnutrition and enteral feeding practices in the critically ill: A single-centre observational study.

Indian journal of anaesthesia·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission
07:16

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission

Published on: August 16, 2018

14.4K

Premedication dilemmas, is Pregabalin the answer?

Preetha Elizabeth George1, Reetika Chander1, Dootika Liddle1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice
|August 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Pregabalin premedication effectively sedates patients and reduces the cardiovascular stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation. This study demonstrates pregabalin

Keywords:
LaryngoscopyPregabalinRamsay sedation scalepressor responserate pressure product

More Related Videos

Non-restraining EEG Radiotelemetry: Epidural and Deep Intracerebral Stereotaxic EEG Electrode Placement
06:58

Non-restraining EEG Radiotelemetry: Epidural and Deep Intracerebral Stereotaxic EEG Electrode Placement

Published on: June 25, 2016

20.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission
07:16

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission

Published on: August 16, 2018

14.4K
Non-restraining EEG Radiotelemetry: Epidural and Deep Intracerebral Stereotaxic EEG Electrode Placement
06:58

Non-restraining EEG Radiotelemetry: Epidural and Deep Intracerebral Stereotaxic EEG Electrode Placement

Published on: June 25, 2016

20.2K

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Laryngoscopy and intubation can cause a dangerous increase in blood pressure and heart rate, especially in patients with heart conditions.
  • Existing methods to control this pressor response have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of pregabalin in reducing the pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective randomized study involving 80 patients (ASA grades I-II, aged 18-60).
  • Patients received either placebo or 150 mg of pregabalin orally 90 minutes before surgery.
  • Sedation (Ramsay Sedation Scale), heart rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure product were monitored.

Main Results:

  • Pregabalin group showed significantly better sedation (52% vs 4% with RSS score of 3).
  • Hemodynamics were more stable post-intubation in the pregabalin group, with significant improvements in heart rate and rate pressure product.

Conclusions:

  • Pregabalin as premedication provides effective sedation.
  • Pregabalin successfully obtunds the pressor response associated with laryngoscopy and intubation.