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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Stewart Treves Syndrome.

Elisangela Samartin Pegas Pereira1, Elisa Trino de Moraes1, Daniela Melo Siqueira1

  • 1Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, BR.

Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia
|August 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stewart-Treves Syndrome, a rare cancer of lymphatic vessels, can develop in patients with chronic lymphedema after mastectomy. Early diagnosis of this lymphangiosarcoma is crucial for improving survival rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Stewart-Treves Syndrome (STS) is a rare condition characterized by lymphangiosarcoma developing on limb extremities.
  • It is associated with chronic lymphedema, particularly in patients post-mastectomy with axillary node dissection, occurring in approximately 0.5% of cases.
  • STS arises from endothelial and lymphatic differentiation within edematous tissue, independent of the original breast cancer.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with an erythematous, bleeding nodule on her right forearm seven years after undergoing a right-side radical mastectomy, lymph node dissection, and adjuvant therapy.
  • The lesion was situated on an area of chronic lymphedema.
  • Dermatological examination and subsequent biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of lymphangiosarcoma.

Findings:

  • The diagnosis was lymphangiosarcoma on chronic lymphedema, consistent with Stewart-Treves Syndrome.
  • The condition developed in the context of long-standing lymphedema secondary to prior cancer treatment.
  • Histopathological analysis confirmed the lymphatic endothelial origin of the malignancy.

Implications:

  • Stewart-Treves Syndrome, though infrequent, carries significant mortality, underscoring the need for heightened clinical awareness.
  • Early detection and diagnosis are paramount for improving patient survival and mitigating complications associated with this aggressive angiosarcoma.
  • This case highlights the importance of monitoring patients with chronic lymphedema for potential secondary malignancies, even years after initial treatment.