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    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Zoonotic Diseases

    Background:

    • Human plague cases, though rare, pose a significant public health concern.
    • Surveillance data is crucial for understanding the geographic distribution and demographic trends of plague infections.

    Observation:

    • From April 1, 2015, eleven human plague cases were reported in Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, New Mexico, and Oregon.
    • Two cases in Georgia and California were linked to potential exposure near Yosemite National Park.
    • The majority of patients (nine of 11) were male, with a median age of 52 years (range: 14–79 years).

    Findings:

    • Three patients, aged 16, 52, and 79 years, unfortunately, died, indicating potential severity.
    • Geographic distribution highlights plague presence in multiple western and southern US states.
    • Demographic data suggests a higher incidence in males within this case series.

    Implications:

    • These findings underscore the continued risk of human plague in the United States.
    • Public health awareness and preventative measures are essential, especially in areas with known plague activity.
    • Further research into transmission vectors and environmental factors is warranted to mitigate future outbreaks.