Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
Published on: January 16, 2019
Clinical and Genetic Factors Associated With Thiazide-Induced Hyponatremia
Chin-Chou Huang1, Chia-Min Chung, Shuen-Iu Hung
1From the Department of Medical Education (C-CH); Department of Medical Research (S-JL, J-WC); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (C-CH, H-BL, P-HH, C-CC, T-CW, S-JL, J-WC); Healthcare and Management Center (H-BL); Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine (L-YL); Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (C-CL, C-YY, S-yL); Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital (Y-CC); Cardiovascular Research Center (C-CH, H-BL, P-HH, C-CC, T-CW, S-JL, J-WC); Institute of Pharmacology (C-CH, S-IH, L-YL, J-WC); Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University (H-BL, P-HH, T-CW, S-JL); Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica (W-HP); Institute of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei (W-HP); Environment-Omics-Disease Research Centre, China Medical University Hospital (C-MC); Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung (C-MC); and Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C. (W-HP).
Abstract:
Thiazide diuretics are associated with an increased risk of hyponatremia. The aim of this study was to investigate possible predictors of thiazide-induced hyponatremia.A total of 48 patients admitted to the ward or to the emergency department due to severe thiazide-induced hyponatremia (Na < 125 mmol/L) were enrolled in our study as the case group. Another 211 hypertensive patients with normal sodium levels after treatment with thiazide diuretics were selected as the control group. Twelve tag single nucleotide polymorphism markers were selected from the Potassium Channel, Inwardly Rectifying Subfamily J, Member 1 (KCNJ1) gene: rs1231254, rs2238009, rs1148058, rs675482, rs673614, rs12795437, rs2855800, rs2509585, rs3016774, rs881333, rs4529890, and rs7116606. Clinical and genetic parameters between patients with thiazide-induced hyponatremia and the control group were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze data.The patients with thiazide-induced hyponatremia were older (P < 0.001), predominantly female (P = 0.008), had a lower mean body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001), and more commonly used angiotensin II receptor antagonist (P < 0.001) and spironolactone (P = 0.007) compared with the control groups. Analysis with multivariate logistic regression revealed that age (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.19, P < 0.001), female gender (OR, 4.49; 95% CI, 1.54-13.11, P = 0.006), BMI (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69-0.93, P = 0.003), and KCNJ1 rs2509585 C/T or T/T polymorphisms (OR, 5.75; 95% CI, 1.25-26.45, P = 0.03) were independent predictors for thiazide-induced hyponatremia.Older female patients with lower BMIs and KCNJ1 rs2509585 C/T or T/T polymorphisms were more likely to develop thiazide-induced hyponatremia.
More Related Videos
07:38Induction of Nephrotic Syndrome in Mice by Retrobulbar Injection of Doxorubicin and Prevention of Volume Retention by Sustained Release Aprotinin
Published on: May 6, 2018
09:29Isolation and Adoptive Transfer of High Salt Treated Antigen-presenting Dendritic Cells
Published on: March 5, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Antihypertensive Drugs: Thiazide-Class Diuretics
Antihypertensive Drugs: Potassium-Sparing Diuretics
Renal Tubule and Collecting Duct
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT):
The PCT is the initial segment of the renal tubule, extending from the Bowman's capsule that encloses the glomerulus. Its convoluted structure and microvilli-lined cells increase the surface area for reabsorption. The PCT reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, sodium, and water from the filtrate, ensuring essential...
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics
Drug Toxicity: Risk factors
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution