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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

1.5K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
341
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

385
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

284
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
284
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

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Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
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FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs01:26

FDA Approved Drugs: Changes to Approved Drugs

329
Post-approval, manufacturers may modify an approved new or generic drug product. Such modifications can encompass alterations in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), manufacturing process, formulation, batch size, manufacturing site, and container closure system (FDA Guidance for Industry, April 2004). Often, a drug product may undergo multiple changes.These modifications require careful evaluation to determine their potential impact on the drug product's identity, strength, quality,...
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Erratum: Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: a joint Advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and The Obesity Society.

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Corrigendum to "Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: A joint advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and The Obesity Society [Obesity Pillars 15 (2025) 100181].

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Corrigendum to Nutritional priorities to support GLP-1 therapy for obesity: a joint Advisory from the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, the American Society for Nutrition, the Obesity Medicine Association, and The Obesity Society [Am J Clin Nutr 2025; 122: 344-367].

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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Obesity medications: what does the future look like?

W Scott Butsch1

  • 1aDivision of Nutrition, Harvard Medical School bMassachusetts General Hospital Weight Center, Obesity Metabolism and Nutrition Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity
|August 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Obesity pharmacotherapy offers new options, with six FDA-approved drugs now available. Combinations of these medications and lifestyle changes can help tailor treatment for individuals with obesity.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Lifestyle modification for obesity lacks long-term efficacy for many.
  • Pharmacotherapy is a viable option for those unresponsive to lifestyle changes or not candidates for surgery.
  • Advances in appetite control and energy expenditure research drive new antiobesity drug development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current antiobesity medications.
  • To discuss pharmacological strategies for obesity treatment.
  • To highlight recent advancements in obesity drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current FDA-approved antiobesity medications.
  • Discussion of pharmacological strategies.
  • Examination of investigational drugs in clinical trials.

Main Results:

  • Two new antiobesity drugs, naltrexone/bupropion (Contrave) and liraglutide (Saxenda), were FDA-approved in 2014.
  • Four other medications (phentermine/topiramate XR, lorcaserin) are also approved, creating the largest selection of obesity drugs.
  • Investigational drugs like belnoranib show promise in early trials.

Conclusions:

  • Combinatory therapies, including pharmacotherapy, are necessary for the complex regulation of energy balance and varied treatment responses in obesity.
  • Six FDA-approved antiobesity medications, including two combination drugs, enable personalized treatment plans.
  • Tailored pharmacotherapy combined with lifestyle modification can benefit a greater number of individuals with obesity.