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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test
06:35

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Local endothelial dysfunction does not affect global endothelial function.

Manja Reimann1, Norbert Weiss, Walthard Vilser

  • 11 Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.

VASA. Zeitschrift Fur Gefasskrankheiten
|August 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Retinal vessel analysis effectively monitors acute endothelial function changes, comparable to flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Pulse wave analysis using salbutamol is not suitable for detecting endothelial dysfunction in repeated measurements.

Keywords:
Endothelial functionpulse wave analysisreproducibilityretinal vessels

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Non-invasive diagnostics

Background:

  • Endothelial dysfunction is a key indicator of cardiovascular health.
  • Assessing acute changes in endothelial function requires reliable non-invasive methods.
  • Current methods for monitoring endothelial function have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate retinal vessel analysis and pulse wave analysis for assessing endothelial function.
  • To determine the ability of these techniques to monitor acute changes in endothelial function.
  • To compare the reproducibility of these methods with ultrasound-based flow-mediated dilation (FMD).

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-five healthy men underwent endothelial function tests.
  • Transient endothelial dysfunction was induced by L-methionine and high-fat cream.
  • Retinal vessel responses to flickering light and vascular responses to salbutamol were measured.
  • Ultrasound-based flow-mediated dilation (FMD) served as the reference method.

Main Results:

  • Retinal vessel analysis showed significantly impaired flicker-responses under induced endothelial dysfunction.
  • Pulse wave analysis did not detect significant changes in salbutamol responses.
  • Reproducibility of retinal vessel analysis was comparable to FMD and superior to pulse wave analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Retinal vessel analysis is a viable non-invasive method for monitoring acute endothelial function changes.
  • Its reproducibility is comparable to the established FMD technique.
  • Salbutamol-based pulse wave analysis is currently not recommended for serial endothelial function assessments.