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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
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The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
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Stem cells in endometrium and endometriosis.

Murat Ulukus1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ege University School of Medicine, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.

Women'S Health (London, England)
|August 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Endometriosis, a common gynecological disease, may be explained by endometrial stem/progenitor cells. This theory offers new insights into the disease

Keywords:
FISHchimerismclonogenicityendometriosisendometriumlabel-retaining cellsniche cellsside population cellsstem cellsxenograft

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Endometriosis is a prevalent chronic gynecological condition characterized by endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
  • Common symptoms include pelvic pain and infertility, but its pathogenesis remains poorly understood.
  • Existing theories do not fully explain all aspects of endometriosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence supporting the existence of endometrial stem/progenitor cells.
  • To explore potential sources of these cells.
  • To investigate their role in endometriosis pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on endometrial stem/progenitor cells.
  • Analysis of current theories on endometriosis development.
  • Synthesis of evidence linking stem cells to disease mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Growing evidence suggests the presence of endometrial stem/progenitor cells.
  • These cells are implicated in endometrial regeneration and differentiation.
  • The stem cell theory offers a unifying hypothesis for endometriosis pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Endometrial stem/progenitor cells are a promising area of research for understanding endometriosis.
  • This theory may reconcile existing pathogenic mechanisms.
  • Further investigation is crucial for developing effective treatments.