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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

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Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Related Experiment Video

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Mapping Alzheimer's Disease Variants to Their Target Genes Using Computational Analysis of Chromatin Configuration
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Alzheimer's Disease: Genomics and Beyond.

Fuhai Song1, Guangchun Han2, Zhouxian Bai1

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.

International Review of Neurobiology
|August 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This review explores Alzheimer's disease (AD) research, focusing on genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic data to identify new drug targets and biomarkers for early diagnosis. It highlights advancements beyond traditional amyloid-beta and tau pathways.

Keywords:
BiomarkerBrain transcriptomeEpigenome profilingGenome-wide association studyWhole-exome sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia, with current treatments targeting amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau showing limited efficacy.
  • Genomic technologies offer new avenues to understand the complex molecular networks driving AD progression.
  • Identifying novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers is crucial for effective AD management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in Alzheimer's disease research, particularly focusing on multi-omics data.
  • To discuss the potential of genome, transcriptome, and epigenome studies in uncovering novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
  • To introduce AlzBase, a curated database integrating relevant AD research data.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of recent studies in AD genetics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics.
  • Analysis of emerging hypotheses regarding AD pathogenesis.
  • Data curation for the development of the AlzBase database.

Main Results:

  • Identification of novel genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease.
  • Development of new hypotheses explaining AD disease mechanisms.
  • Discovery of candidate biomarkers for early AD diagnosis.
  • Identification of potential new drug targets beyond Aβ and tau.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-omics approaches are essential for a deeper understanding of Alzheimer's disease.
  • Genomic insights are paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and early diagnostic tools.
  • The AlzBase database serves as a valuable resource for future AD research and drug discovery.