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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
Published on: August 13, 2019
The Effect of Menopausal Hormone Therapies on Breast Cancer: Avoiding the Risk
Valerie A Flores1, Hugh S Taylor2
1Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 222 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Abstract:
Estrogen and P treatment results in greater risk of breast cancer than placebo. Treatment with estrogen alone does not increase the risk of breast cancer, may be used by women who have had a hysterectomy, and may even result in a decreased risk of breast cancer. Continued research seeks to improve the understanding of the interplay between estrogen and progestogens that predispose to adverse effects on breast tissue. Caution over this hypothesized benefit is warranted until it is substantiated by data on the incidence of breast cancer in tissue selective estrogen complex users.
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