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Misophonia: current perspectives.

Andrea E Cavanna1, Stefano Seri2

  • 1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK ; Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK ; School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston Brain Centre, Wellcome Trust Laboratory for MEG Studies, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.

Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
|August 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Misophonia, a disorder causing negative reactions to specific sounds, is common but understudied. Further research is needed to understand its causes and develop effective treatments like tinnitus retraining therapy.

Keywords:
Tourette syndromehyperacusismisophonianeurodevelopmental disordersobsessive-compulsive spectrumselective sound sensitivity syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Misophonia involves distinct negative emotional and physiological responses to specific sounds.
  • It is a common condition that remains underinvestigated, particularly regarding its association with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical features of misophonia, focusing on co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • To explore current understanding of misophonia's pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To highlight the need for standardized diagnostic criteria and further research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatment strategies for misophonia.
  • Analysis of existing data on co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Discussion of competing theoretical paradigms for misophonia.

Main Results:

  • Misophonia is characterized by specific sound triggers and often co-occurs with neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Tinnitus retraining therapy and cognitive behavior therapy show promise but require validation in larger studies.
  • Current understanding suggests misophonia may be a physiological state, idiopathic condition, or symptomatic of psychiatric disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized diagnostic criteria are crucial for advancing clinical practice and scientific research in misophonia.
  • Future research should focus on phenomenology, epidemiology, neurophysiological underpinnings, and treatment efficacy.
  • A unified approach to understanding and diagnosing misophonia is needed.