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X-Ray Diffraction of Solid Tin to 1.2 TPa.

A Lazicki1, J R Rygg1, F Coppari1

  • 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|August 29, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-pressure tin (Sn) was studied using in situ X-ray diffraction. Results show the body-centered-cubic (bcc) structure is stable up to 1.2 TPa, challenging previous predictions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • High-pressure physics

Background:

  • Understanding the behavior of materials under extreme pressure is crucial for fundamental science and technological applications.
  • Previous studies predicted phase transitions in tin (Sn) at high pressures, but direct experimental verification at extreme conditions was lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly measure the crystal structure of tin (Sn) under extreme pressures up to 1.2 TPa.
  • To investigate the stability of different crystalline phases of tin at unprecedented stress levels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing angle-dispersive powder X-ray diffraction for in situ crystal structure determination.
  • Employing dynamic compression techniques to achieve pressures up to 1.2 TPa.

Main Results:

  • Direct observation of tin (Sn) transforming to the body-centered-cubic (bcc) structure at 0.12 TPa.
  • The bcc structure remained stable up to 1.2 TPa, the highest stress ever measured for a crystal structure.
  • No evidence was found for the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase predicted by prior studies above 0.16 TPa.

Conclusions:

  • The body-centered-cubic (bcc) phase of tin (Sn) is stable to at least 1.2 TPa under dynamic compression.
  • Discrepancies with previous predictions suggest that high temperatures associated with dynamic compression may stabilize the bcc phase over the hcp phase.
  • Further investigation into the role of vibrational free energy at high temperatures is warranted.