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Regulatory roles and therapeutic potential of microRNA in sarcoma

Hui Jun Lim1, Jia-Lin Yang1

  • 1Sarcoma and Nano-oncology Group, Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
|August 31, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets for sarcoma. Understanding their expression patterns in different sarcoma subtypes is key to developing effective targeted therapies and improving patient selection for treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression.
  • They are implicated in crucial biological processes like cell differentiation and development.
  • miRNAs can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, influencing cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on miRNA expression in various sarcoma subtypes.
  • To assess the role of miRNAs in the development and progression of sarcomas.
  • To evaluate the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinical oncology.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted in major scientific databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Review, Pubmed, Scopus).
  • Search terms included "microRNA," "deregulation," "sarcoma," and "targeted therapy" to identify relevant studies.
  • The review focused on articles detailing miRNA expression patterns and their clinical implications in sarcoma.

Main Results:

  • Aberrant miRNA expression is a hallmark of many sarcoma subtypes.
  • Distinct miRNA profiles differentiate malignant cells from normal counterparts, highlighting their role in sarcoma pathogenesis.
  • Unique miRNA signatures offer potential for sarcoma diagnosis and identification of novel therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs hold significant potential as diagnostic biomarkers for sarcoma.
  • miRNAs represent promising targets for developing novel, targeted therapeutic strategies in sarcoma treatment.
  • Future clinical applications may involve utilizing miRNA pathways therapeutically or employing miRNA expression profiling for patient stratification, pending development of effective delivery systems.
Keywords:
OncogenicOsteosarcomaSarcomaTumour suppressormicroRNA

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