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A spatial assessment framework for evaluating flood risk under extreme climates.

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Summary
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Australian coal mines face rising flood risks due to climate change. This study developed a spatial model to assess regional flood inundation, aiding sustainable water management and adaptation strategies.

Keywords:
AHPGISInundationMODISMulti-criteria decision making

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Geospatial Analysis

Background:

  • Australian coal mines are increasingly vulnerable to flooding from extreme rainfall events, exacerbated by climate change.
  • Effective mine water management requires accurate flood inundation risk assessment for sustainable operations.
  • The Australian mining sector needs robust tools to address climate change impacts on water resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and prototype a spatial multi-criteria decision-making model for regional flood inundation risk assessment.
  • To apply the model to the Bowen Basin, Queensland, as a case study for the Australian mining sector.
  • To provide a framework for evaluating flood risk and supporting adaptation strategies in mining regions.

Main Methods:

  • Collected and processed spatial gridded data (climate, hydrology, topography, vegetation, soils) in ArcGIS.
  • Derived and integrated spatial indices including extreme rainfall, stream flow, elevation, slope, and drainage density.
  • Employed the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for weighting indices and an AHP-based suitability assessment (AHP-SA) model.
  • Validated the flood risk map using remote sensing imagery to determine maximum inundation extent.

Main Results:

  • A regional flood risk map for the Bowen Basin was delineated, illustrating varying risk levels based on integrated spatial indices.
  • The developed model successfully assessed flood inundation risk at a regional scale.
  • The flood risk map was verified against remote sensing data, confirming its reliability.

Conclusions:

  • The research provides essential baseline information for Bowen Basin coal mines to identify and manage flood risks.
  • The developed framework offers a reliable method for flood risk assessment in the mining industry globally, aiding water management under climate change.
  • This study supports the development of adaptation strategies and mitigation measures for flood risks in the Australian mining sector.