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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Surgical Induction of Endolymphatic Hydrops by Obliteration of the Endolymphatic Duct
Published on: January 22, 2010
Hemorrhagic Complications of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Ashleigh A Halderman1, Raj Sindwani1, Troy D Woodard1
1Section of Rhinology, Sinus and Skull Base Surgery, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue/A71, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Abstract:
Major complications during endoscopic sinus surgery are rare and occur in 0.36% to 3.1% of patients. Postoperative hemorrhage accounts for 23% to 39% of complications. Despite being rare, major hemorrhage can be serious for the patient. This article discusses hemorrhagic complications during and following endoscopic sinus surgery, focusing on a review of the surgical anatomy, common pitfalls to avoid, preventative measures, and management of certain catastrophic complications for which preparedness can mean the difference between life and death.
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