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Related Experiment Video

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Application of AlDeSense to Stratify Ovarian Cancer Cells Based on Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 Activity
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Aldehyde dehydrogenases and cancer stem cells.

Xia Xu1, Shoujie Chai1, Pingli Wang1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.

Cancer Letters
|August 31, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are crucial for aldehyde metabolism and protect against cellular damage. This review explores their function and regulation in cancer stem cells (CSCs), highlighting ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 roles.

Keywords:
Aldehyde dehydrogenaseCancer stem cellMetabolic substrateSignal transduction

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are key enzymes in aldehyde metabolism, protecting cells from reactive aldehyde damage.
  • ALDHs are implicated in various cancer types and are recognized as potential prognostic markers.
  • High ALDH activity is observed in cancer stem cells (CSCs), suggesting their role as CSC markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the function and regulation of ALDHs in cancer stem cells (CSCs).
  • To focus specifically on the roles of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 in CSCs.
  • To consolidate recent evidence on the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of ALDHs in CSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on ALDHs and CSCs.
  • Analysis of research on ALDH expression and activity in various cancer types.
  • Examination of the relationship between ALDHs, retinoic acid, ROS, and aldehyde metabolism in CSCs.

Main Results:

  • ALDHs play a significant role in maintaining CSC properties.
  • ALDH activity is linked to CSC-related metabolic pathways, including retinoic acid and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • Evidence suggests both transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms regulate ALDHs in CSCs.

Conclusions:

  • ALDHs are critical regulators of CSC biology.
  • ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 are particularly important ALDH isoforms in CSCs.
  • Understanding ALDH regulation in CSCs offers potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.