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An optimization formulation for characterization of pulsatile cortisol secretion.

Rose T Faghih1, Munther A Dahleh2, Emery N Brown3

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA ; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA ; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA, USA ; Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA, USA.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|September 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study proposes a mathematical model for pulsatile cortisol release, minimizing energy use by controlling secretory events. The model achieves biologically realistic rhythms for stress and metabolism regulation.

Keywords:
circadian rhythmcortisol secretionendocrine controlmathematical modelingpulsatile control

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Systems Biology
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cortisol regulates metabolism, stress, and inflammation via pulsatile signaling.
  • Pulsatile release is hypothesized to be a low-energy, efficient signaling method.
  • The anterior pituitary is implicated as a controller for cortisol pulsatility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To hypothesize and mathematically formulate a controller for pulsatile cortisol release.
  • To develop an impulse control model minimizing energy expenditure for cortisol secretion.
  • To maintain cortisol levels within a specific circadian range using a novel controller.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a mathematical model for impulse control of cortisol secretion.
  • Utilizing an ℓ0-norm cost function and solving via reweighed ℓ1-norm minimization.
  • Illustrating controller performance with four examples, including physiological plausibility checks.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully demonstrates impulse control for cortisol release.
  • Achieved physiologically plausible pulsatile cortisol release patterns with circadian and ultradian rhythms.
  • Identified scenarios with non-physiological pulse counts while maintaining desired cortisol levels.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed formulation provides a novel impulse control strategy for cortisol secretion.
  • This bio-inspired approach mimics natural cortisol rhythms and energy efficiency.
  • Potential applications include treating cortisol deficiency and designing brain-machine interfaces.