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Association between mixed rotavirus vaccination types of infants and rotavirus acute gastroenteritis

Anaam Mohammed1, Lilly Immergluck2, Trisha Chan Parker3

  • 1Pediatric Emergency Medicine Associates, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Vaccine
|September 1, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Complete rotavirus vaccination offers protection against rotavirus diarrhea and reduces disease severity. Even incomplete or mixed rotavirus vaccination schedules provide some protection for children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a primary cause of severe childhood diarrhea globally.
  • Rotarix (RV1) and RotaTeq (RV5) vaccines reduce rotavirus disease in the US.
  • Limited data exists on the effectiveness of incomplete or mixed rotavirus vaccination schedules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of complete, incomplete, and mixed rotavirus vaccination on vaccine effectiveness.
  • To examine the association between vaccination status and the severity of rotavirus acute gastroenteritis.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving children with acute gastroenteritis was conducted.
  • Data collection included surveys, stool specimen analysis for rotavirus, and vaccination record review.
  • Vesikari scores were used to assess disease severity.

Main Results:

  • Of 1127 children, 891 were enrolled; 215 tested positive for rotavirus.
  • Children over 12 months and those with higher Vesikari scores (>11) were more likely to have rotavirus.
  • Complete single-type rotavirus vaccination demonstrated significant protection (OR 0.21, p<0.0001) and reduced disease severity (p<0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • Complete vaccination with a single rotavirus vaccine type protects against diarrhea and reduces gastroenteritis severity.
  • Incomplete or mixed rotavirus vaccination schedules also confer partial protection against rotavirus infection.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute gastroenteritisPediatricRotavirusRotavirus vaccination

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