Early Infant Development and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Lori-Ann R Sacrey1, Jeffrey A Bennett2, Lonnie Zwaigenbaum3
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Autism Research Centre, Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada sacrey@ualberta.ca.
Journal of Child Neurology
|September 2, 2015
Summary
Early detection of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is improving with new insights into early development and interventions for toddlers. Research highlights behavioral markers emerging in the first year, aiding diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Developmental neuroscience
- Clinical psychology
- Pediatric medicine
Background:
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis often occurs later in childhood.
- Early identification is crucial for effective intervention and improved outcomes.
- Understanding early developmental trajectories in infants at high risk for ASD is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the early detection and diagnosis of ASD.
- To summarize clinical trial findings for early interventions in toddlers at risk for or diagnosed with ASD.
Main Methods:
- Review of prospective studies on infants at high risk for ASD.
- Analysis of findings on early developmental markers and behavioral abnormalities.
- Examination of clinical trials for early ASD-specific interventions in toddlers.
Main Results:
- Abnormalities in social communication and repetitive behaviors emerge in the second year of life.
- Prodromal features, including motor and sensory abnormalities, appear in the first year.
- Early ASD-specific interventions show efficacy in toddlers as young as 15 months.
- Characterization of ASD in genetic syndromes is advancing.
Conclusions:
- Significant progress in identifying early developmental trajectories and behavioral markers enhances early ASD detection.
- Translating research findings into clinical practice and healthcare systems remains a critical next step.
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