Effect of aspartate and glutamate on experimental myocardial infarction in rats

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Cardiology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Isoproterenol sulphate administration is a common method to induce cardiac necrosis in animal models.
• Myocardial damage is characterized by elevated serum cardiac enzyme levels and histopathological changes.
• Investigating protective agents against drug-induced cardiotoxicity is crucial for understanding cardiac protection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the cardioprotective effects of aspartate and glutamate against isoproterenol-induced cardiac necrosis in rats.
• To evaluate the impact of aspartate and glutamate on serum cardiac enzyme levels and myocardial histopathology.

Main Methods:

• Cardiac necrosis was induced in rats using isoproterenol sulphate (85 mg/kg, sc for 4 days).
• Serum levels of aspartate amino-transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase were measured.
• Histopathological examination of cardiac tissue was performed.
• Rats were pretreated with aspartate and glutamate (100 mg/kg, ip) before isoproterenol administration.

Main Results:

• Isoproterenol sulphate administration significantly elevated serum cardiac enzyme levels and caused myocardial necrosis.
• Pretreatment with aspartate and glutamate significantly reduced the elevated levels of aspartate amino-transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase.
• Both macroscopic and histological assessments showed a significant reduction in the degree of cardiac necrosis in rats pretreated with aspartate and glutamate.

Conclusions:

• Aspartate and glutamate exhibit significant cardioprotective effects against isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage in rats.
• These amino acids may mitigate cardiotoxicity by reducing cardiac enzyme leakage and preserving myocardial tissue integrity.