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Related Concept Videos

Ethical Issues01:27

Ethical Issues

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Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
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Nursing Ethical Principles II01:27

Nursing Ethical Principles II

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Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's...
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Continuing Care01:25

Continuing Care

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Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...
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Surveys02:16

Surveys

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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

Ethical Dilemmas II

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Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
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Barriers to Effective Communication II01:21

Barriers to Effective Communication II

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The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
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Racial/Ethnic Differences in Inpatient Palliative Care Consultation for Patients With Advanced Cancer.

Rashmi K Sharma1, Kenzie A Cameron2, Joan S Chmiel2

  • 1Rashmi K. Sharma, Kenzie A. Cameron, Joan S. Chmiel, Jamie H. Von Roenn, Eytan Szmuilowicz, and Frank J. Penedo, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Jamie H. Von Roenn, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; and Holly G. Prigerson, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY. rasharma@nmh.org.

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
|September 2, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Racial/ethnic minorities with advanced cancer received inpatient palliative care consultations (IPCC) at higher rates than white patients. However, IPCC use remains low overall and occurs near death for all advanced cancer patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Palliative Care
  • Health Disparities
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Inpatient palliative care consultation (IPCC) may mitigate barriers to hospice and symptom-focused care for racial/ethnic minorities.
  • Little is known about racial/ethnic disparities in IPCC utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between race/ethnicity and IPCC rates in patients with advanced cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of patients with metastatic cancer hospitalized between 2009-2010 at an urban academic medical center.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the association between race/ethnicity and IPCC.

Main Results:

  • African Americans (22%) and Hispanics (20%) were more likely to receive IPCC than non-Hispanic whites (16%).
  • African Americans had a higher likelihood of receiving IPCC compared to whites (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.01-1.44), even after adjustment.
  • Patients receiving IPCC had it occur closer to death, with African Americans having more days from IPCC to death than whites (25 vs. 17 days).

Conclusions:

  • Inpatient settings may reduce some racial/ethnic disparities in palliative care access.
  • Overall IPCC rates are low and occur late in the course of advanced cancer.
  • Further research is needed to improve hospital-based palliative care access for all advanced cancer patients.