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Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

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The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
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Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
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Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
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Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
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Heart rate variability (HRV) during virtual reality immersion.

Marzena Malińska1, Krystyna Zużewicz, Joanna Bugajska

  • 1a Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB) , Poland.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics : JOSE
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PubMed
Summary

Virtual reality (VR) and 3D movies significantly alter autonomic heart rate regulation, increasing sympathetic nervous system activity. This study examined heart rate variability during immersive virtual environment exposure in individuals without motion sickness.

Keywords:
heart rate variabilitymotion sicknessstereoscopic movievirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiology
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Autonomic heart rate regulation is crucial for physiological stability.
  • Virtual reality (VR) and 3D media present unique sensory stimuli.
  • Motion sickness susceptibility varies among individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of a virtual environment (sVR) and 3D movie on autonomic heart rate (HR) regulation.
  • To investigate heart rate variability (HRV) changes during prolonged sVR exposure.
  • To analyze HR regulation in subjects without motion sickness predisposition.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (n=19) without motion sickness predisposition were selected via a Coriolis test.
  • Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recording using the Holter method during a 1-hour sVR and 3D movie exposure.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis in time and frequency domains across twelve 5-minute epochs.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in low-frequency (LF) spectral power was observed after 30 minutes of sVR training.
  • The sympathovagal LF/HF index showed a significant increase in sympathetic predominance during four specific intervals of sVR exposure.
  • These intervals included minutes 5-10, 15-20, 35-40, and 55-60.

Conclusions:

  • Hour-long exposure to sVR and 3D movies significantly influences autonomic heart rate regulation.
  • Sympathetic nervous system predominance increases during virtual environment exposure.
  • These findings highlight the physiological impact of immersive virtual technologies on cardiac autonomic control.