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Glycosaminoglycans: Sorting determinants in intracellular protein traffic
1Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|September 2, 2015
Summary
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are crucial post-translational modifications that significantly influence protein and proteoglycan trafficking. These polysaccharides play key roles in cellular sorting, transport, and localization within the cell.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Intracellular protein transport is essential for cellular function and integrity.
- Protein sorting relies on amino acid sequences and post-translational modifications.
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are key modifications of proteoglycans with unique properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of the roles of GAGs in protein and proteoglycan trafficking.
- To highlight the impact of GAGs on various cellular sorting and transport processes.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing data and literature on GAGs and protein trafficking.
- Analysis of studies involving manipulation of GAG attachment sites.
Main Results:
- GAGs influence polarized sorting in epithelial cells.
- GAGs affect targeting to and storage in secretory granules.
- GAGs play a role in endocytosis and rapid trans-Golgi-to-cell surface transport.
- GAGs can dominate over cytosolic sorting motifs.
Conclusions:
- GAGs are critical regulators of intracellular protein and proteoglycan trafficking.
- Understanding GAGs' roles is vital for comprehending cellular organization and function.
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