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Related Concept Videos

Instrument Transformers01:23

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Instrument transformers, comprising voltage transformers (VTs) and current transformers (CTs), play crucial roles in power substations by providing isolated replicas of current or voltage for measurement and protection purposes. Voltage transformers reduce the primary voltage to levels suitable for relay operation and measurement, while current transformers scale down the primary current. The primary winding of a current transformer often consists of a single turn, achieved by threading the...
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In a three-phase circuit, line loss is an indicator of energy dissipated as heat due to the resistance of transmission lines. To address this, incorporating transformers into the system—a step-up transformer at the source and a step-down transformer at the load—is a strategic solution. Two three-phase transformers are introduced to improve this.
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The practical equivalent circuits of single-phase two-winding transformers exhibit significant deviations from their idealized versions due to the inherent properties of winding resistance and finite core permeability. These properties result in real and reactive power losses, affecting the transformer's performance. Understanding these deviations is crucial for designing more efficient transformers.
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Three identical single-phase transformers can be configured to form a three-phase transformer connection, which involves high-voltage and low-voltage windings. The high-voltage windings are denoted by capital letters A-B-C, while the low-voltage windings are labeled with lowercase letters a-b-c, representing their respective phases. This notation helps distinguish between the high and low voltage sides of the transformer.
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In scenarios involving parallel transformers with disparate ratings, developing per-unit models requires accommodating off-nominal turns ratios. This situation arises when the selected base voltages are not proportional to the transformer’s voltage ratings. Consider a transformer where the rated voltages are related by the term a. If the chosen voltage bases satisfy a relationship involving term b, term c is defined as the ratio of these bases. This ratio is then substituted into the...
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An ideal Y-Y transformer, grounded through neutral impedances, displays per-unit sequence networks akin to those of a single-phase ideal transformer when subjected to balanced positive- or negative-sequence currents. These currents do not produce neutral currents, and their associated voltage drops.
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Note: An improved calibration system with phase correction for electronic transformers with digital output.

Han-miao Cheng1, Hong-bin Li1

  • 1CEEE of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|September 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an improved electronic transformer calibration system that corrects phase measurement errors for enhanced accuracy. The new system achieves accuracy beyond class 0.05, outperforming existing methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Existing electronic transformer calibration systems exhibit phase measurement errors when using external synchronization signals.
  • These errors limit the accuracy required for certain practical applications in power systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate an improved electronic transformer calibration system with phase correction.
  • To enhance phase measurement accuracy for transformer calibration, particularly with external synchronization.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel calibration system employing the NI PCI-4474 data acquisition card.
  • Implementation of a phase correction algorithm to mitigate measurement errors.
  • Accuracy verification conducted at the China Electric Power Research Institute.

Main Results:

  • The improved system demonstrated accuracy exceeding the 0.05 accuracy class.
  • The system was successfully utilized to test the harmonics measurement accuracy of all-fiber optical current transformers.
  • Comparative analysis showed superior performance over existing calibration systems.

Conclusions:

  • The enhanced calibration system effectively addresses phase measurement errors.
  • The system achieves high accuracy, suitable for demanding applications like harmonics testing of optical current transformers.
  • This improved technology offers a more reliable solution for electronic transformer calibration.