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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Using Chronic Social Stress to Model Postpartum Depression in Lactating Rodents
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Breastfeeding, Bed-Sharing, and Maternal Cortisol.

Clarissa D Simon1, Emma K Adam2, Chelsea O McKinney3

  • 1Northwestern University School of Education and Social Policy, Evanston, IL, USA Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Community Child Health Network (CCHN) clarissa.simon@northwestern.edu.

Clinical Pediatrics
|September 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Infant sleep proximity and breastfeeding impact maternal stress hormones. While breastfeeding may increase cortisol slopes, bed-sharing is linked to flatter slopes, indicating potential benefits for maternal stress regulation.

Keywords:
bed-sharingbreastfeedingcortisolcosleepingpostpartum healthstress

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Maternal-Infant Health
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Close mother-child sleep proximity is associated with increased breastfeeding rates.
  • Breastfeeding is linked to improved maternal and infant health outcomes.
  • Daily cortisol rhythms are key indicators of the stress-response system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between breastfeeding, infant bed-sharing, and maternal diurnal cortisol patterns.
  • To determine if infant sleep arrangements and feeding methods influence maternal stress hormone profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of maternal diurnal cortisol slopes in relation to breastfeeding and bed-sharing practices.
  • Statistical controls for subjective sleep quality, perceived stress, depression, socioeconomic status, race, and maternal age.

Main Results:

  • Infant bed-sharing was significantly associated with flatter diurnal cortisol slopes.
  • Breastfeeding showed a marginal association with steeper diurnal cortisol slopes.
  • Mothers who breastfed but did not bed-share had the steepest cortisol slopes, while those who bed-shared and did not breastfeed had the flattest slopes.

Conclusions:

  • Infant parenting practices, specifically breastfeeding and separate sleep surfaces, may be linked to more optimal maternal stress hormone profiles.
  • These findings suggest that recommended infant care practices could also support maternal well-being through stress regulation.