Management framework paradigms for disorders of sex development

Area of Science:

• Medical Science
• Genetics
• Human Rights

Background:

• Historically, Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) management lacked systematic patient/family involvement.
• Treatment paradigms have shifted significantly since 2005.
• Current approaches integrate clinical, psychotherapeutic, and surgical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the evolution of DSD clinical management frameworks.
• To compare historical and contemporary approaches to DSD care.
• To highlight the impact of genetics, ethics, and human rights on DSD treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of historical DSD management models (Money era, Chicago Consensus).
• Analysis of the influence of genetics and molecular biology.
• Consideration of ethical questions and human rights in DSD care.

Main Results:

• The "Money era" (1955) focused on gonads and environmental sex determination.
• The Chicago Consensus (2005) emphasized genetics, molecular biology, and ethical considerations.
• Contemporary DSD management is a composite of various models, prioritizing interdisciplinarity and patient/family involvement.

Conclusions:

• DSD care has transitioned to a multidisciplinary approach.
• Genetics and molecular biology play a crucial role in early identification and sex identity development.
• Modern DSD management integrates historical insights with current ethical and human rights considerations for holistic patient care.