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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

2.2K
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
2.2K
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

42
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
42
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

1.8K
Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
1.8K
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

894
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
894
Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

5.0K
The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...
5.0K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

2.5K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
2.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice
09:03

The CYP2D6 Animal Model: How to Induce Autoimmune Hepatitis in Mice

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Autoimmune hepatitis: Unveiling faces.

Jiang Yi Zhu1, Ying Han1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.

Journal of Digestive Diseases
|September 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-driven liver disease. Treatment involves prednisone and azathioprine, with liver transplantation for severe cases.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a complex, multifactorial liver disease of unknown cause.
  • It involves genetic susceptibility, environmental triggers, immune dysregulation, and autoimmune attacks leading to chronic liver inflammation.
  • Interface hepatitis is a key pathological feature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the understanding of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) etiology, diagnosis, and management.
  • To highlight current therapeutic strategies and the need for research into refractory cases.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on a comprehensive scoring system.
  • Standard treatment involves immunosuppression.

Main Results:

Keywords:
autoantibodyautoimmunediagnosishepatitistreatment

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  • Prednisone, alone or with azathioprine, is the primary therapy for AIH.
  • Research is ongoing for refractory AIH cases.
  • Liver transplantation remains the sole option for end-stage liver disease.

Conclusions:

  • AIH requires prompt intervention and tailored immunosuppressive therapy.
  • Management strategies are evolving, particularly for treatment-resistant patients.