Autoimmune statin-induced myopathy: a case report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Statin medications are widely prescribed for hyperlipidemia.
• Autoimmune myopathies are a group of rare disorders characterized by muscle inflammation and weakness.
• Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM) is a specific subtype of autoimmune myopathy.

Observation:

• A 58-year-old woman with a history of statin use reported a 4-month history of progressive proximal muscle weakness affecting her shoulders and thighs.
• Initial investigations, including laboratory tests and electromyography, indicated a generalized proximal myopathy.
• Conditions such as connective tissue disease, malignancy, and active viral infections were excluded.

Findings:

• Muscle biopsy results were consistent with necrotizing autoimmune myopathy.
• The findings suggest a potential association between statin use and the development of necrotizing autoimmune myopathy in this patient.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering statin-associated autoimmune myopathy in patients presenting with unexplained proximal muscle weakness.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking statins to necrotizing autoimmune myopathy.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate management, potentially including statin discontinuation and immunosuppressive therapy, are crucial for improving patient outcomes.