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Pathogen evolution under host avoidance plasticity.

David V McLeod1, Troy Day2

  • 1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, 99 University Avenue, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7 L 3N6 13dm38@queensu.ca.

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|September 4, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Host resistance strategies can change based on environmental cues, influencing host-pathogen evolution. This plasticity can limit pathogen growth and promote less harmful infections, benefiting both species.

Keywords:
coevolutionhost resistanceinfectious diseasephenotypic plasticitysterilityvirulence evolution

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Ecology
  • Pathogen dynamics

Background:

  • Host resistance comprises infection avoidance and recovery strategies.
  • Conventional models assume fixed avoidance, but plasticity (stimulus-triggered responses) is increasingly recognized.
  • Understanding avoidance plasticity is crucial for host-pathogen coevolutionary dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the implications of host avoidance plasticity on host-pathogen coevolution.
  • To challenge existing theories by incorporating dynamic host resistance strategies.
  • To predict how plasticity influences pathogen evolution under different ecological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of host-pathogen interactions.
  • Analysis of evolutionary game theory principles.
  • Simulation of different trade-off scenarios between pathogen transmission and host harm.

Main Results:

  • Plasticity can restrain pathogen evolution when trade-offs are absent, leading to resistance escalation.
  • When pathogen transmission trades off with mortality, plasticity promotes avirulence, improving fitness for both host and pathogen.
  • Plasticity influences pathogen evolution, particularly in cases of host castration, by selecting for reduced virulence.

Conclusions:

  • Host avoidance plasticity is a significant factor in host-pathogen coevolution.
  • Plasticity can lead to novel evolutionary outcomes, including restrained pathogen evolution and increased host-pathogen mutual benefit.
  • The study highlights the need to incorporate dynamic resistance strategies into evolutionary models.