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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Pneumothorax-I01:26

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
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Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation01:24

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Pulmonary ventilation is a vital process that ensures the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. It refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs, enabling the body to obtain oxygen and remove waste carbon dioxide. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of pulmonary ventilation, including its underlying principles, mechanisms, and the interplay of pressures within the respiratory system.
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Muscles of the Thorax01:25

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The thorax muscles are central to the body's respiration and provide essential support and movement for the upper body. They are intricately designed to facilitate the complex breathing process while also contributing to the structural integrity and mobility of the chest and upper limbs.
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

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Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation
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Diaphragmatic eventration in children.

Ali Ghribi, Aicha Bouden, Mariem Braiki

    La Tunisie Medicale
    |September 5, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Diaphragmatic eventration (ED) management in children involves diaphragmatic plication for symptomatic cases, showing significant respiratory improvement. Asymptomatic patients with ED do not require surgical intervention.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Surgery
    • Congenital Anomalies
    • Respiratory Medicine

    Background:

    • Diaphragmatic eventration (ED) is a rare anomaly causing permanent hemidiaphragm elevation.
    • Manifestations range from asymptomatic to severe respiratory distress.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the 15-year management experience of eight children with diaphragmatic eventration.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 8 pediatric patients with ED.
    • Diagnosis confirmed by chest X-ray and ultrasound.
    • Surgical management included diaphragmatic plication for symptomatic cases.

    Main Results:

    • Five symptomatic patients underwent diaphragmatic plication with dramatic respiratory improvement.
    • One infant with respiratory distress died from sepsis before surgery.
    • Two asymptomatic patients were followed for 5 years without intervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Diaphragmatic eventration can be congenital or acquired.
    • Chest ultrasound is valuable for diagnosis.
    • Diaphragmatic plication is safe and effective for symptomatic ED; surgery is not advised for asymptomatic cases.