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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is associated with visual function decline in certain ethnic groups.
  • Ethnic variations in accommodation necessitate specific research.
  • This study focuses on Type-1 diabetes in Black Africans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between plasma sugar levels and accommodative function in Black Africans with Type-1 diabetes.
  • To assess subjective accommodative amplitude and accommodative lag.
  • To explore ethnic-specific impacts of diabetes on visual accommodation.

Main Methods:

  • An examiner-blind study involving 45 diabetic subjects and 45 healthy controls.
  • Accommodative amplitude measured using the push-up/push-down to blur/clear methods with a RAF rule.
  • Accommodative lag assessed via MEM retinoscopy; fasting plasma sugar (FPS) measured using a glucose meter.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic subjects exhibited significantly lower accommodative amplitude (10.1 ± 2.7 D) compared to controls (11.5 ± 2.4 D).
  • Diabetic subjects showed significantly greater accommodative lag (1.1 ± 0.4 D) than controls (0.7 ± 0.2 D).
  • Higher FPS concentration significantly predicted reduced accommodative amplitude and increased accommodative lag in diabetic individuals, independent of age.

Conclusions:

  • Type-1 diabetes in Black Africans is associated with diminished accommodative amplitude and exacerbated accommodative lag.
  • Effective management of plasma sugar concentration is essential for maintaining adequate accommodative function.
  • Further research into ethnic-specific visual complications of diabetes is warranted.