Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

3.7K

Type of immune and complement deposits and response of immunosuppressive treatment on Membranoproliferative

Salman Imtiaz1, Murtaza Fakhruddin Dhrolia1, Kiran Nasir1

  • 1The Kidney Centre Postgraduate Training Institute, Karachi.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|September 5, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Steroids and cyclophosphamide offer a better response for membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, especially when treated early. This combination therapy shows improved outcomes compared to steroids alone in patients with specific immune deposit patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a kidney disease characterized by immune complex deposition.
  • Classification based on immune and complement deposits can influence treatment response.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for effective therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of steroid and cyclophosphamide treatment in MPGN based on immune and complement deposit patterns.
  • To compare the response to steroid monotherapy versus combination therapy with cyclophosphamide.
  • To identify factors influencing treatment outcomes in MPGN.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 54 MPGN patients treated between 1996 and 2013.
  • Patients classified into two groups: Complement factor 3 (C3) deposits only, and C3 with immunoglobulin deposits.
  • Comparison of treatment response to steroid alone versus steroid with cyclophosphamide, considering disease severity and fibrosis.

Main Results:

  • The group with C3 and immunoglobulin deposits (37 patients) was larger than the C3-only group (17 patients).
  • Combination therapy with steroid and cyclophosphamide showed a higher response rate (88.9% vs. 37.5% in C3-only; 66.7% vs. 54.5% in C3 with immunoglobulin) compared to steroid alone.
  • Increasing interstitial fibrosis and renal dysfunction significantly hampered treatment response (p=0.014 and p=0.001, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • Combined steroid and cyclophosphamide therapy demonstrates a beneficial role in treating MPGN.
  • Early initiation of treatment is key for better outcomes.
  • Treatment effectiveness is influenced by the pattern of immune deposits and the extent of renal damage.
Abstract

Keywords:
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, Glomerulonephritis, Nephroticsyndrome, Cyclophosphamide, Pakistan.

More Related Videos

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway07:15

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Published on: August 23, 2024

1.1K
Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells06:29

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

Published on: January 29, 2014

31.4K

Related Concept Videos

Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
9.1K
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
989
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
167
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
86.5K
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
325
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
135