Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

5.4K
Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
5.4K
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

3.8K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
3.8K
Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

1.0K
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
1.0K
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions01:16

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Molecular Electronic Transitions

3.5K
In Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, the absorption of electromagnetic radiation is used to probe the electronic structure of molecules. This technique provides insights into molecular electronic transitions, particularly the movement of electrons between different molecular orbitals. Radiation is absorbed if the energy of the electromagnetic radiation passing through the molecule is precisely equal to the energy difference between the excited and ground states. During this...
3.5K
Noncompartmental Analysis: Statistical Moment Theory00:56

Noncompartmental Analysis: Statistical Moment Theory

502
Noncompartmental analyses leverage statistical moment theory to examine time-related changes in macroscopic events, encapsulating the collective outcomes stemming from the constituent elements in play. Statistical moment theory is a mathematical approach used to describe the time course of drug concentration in the body without assuming a specific compartmental model. SMT provides insights into drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination by treating drug concentration versus time...
502
One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation01:24

One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation

1.4K
This lesson introduces two critical methods in pharmacokinetics, the Wagner-Nelson and Loo-Riegelman methods, used for estimating the absorption rate constant (ka) for drugs administered via non-intravenous routes. The Wagner-Nelson method relates ka to the plasma concentration derived from the slope of a semilog percent unabsorbed time plot. However, it is limited to drugs with one-compartment kinetics and can be impacted by factors like gastrointestinal motility or enzymatic degradation.
On...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unified Description of Spin-Lattice Coupling and Thermodynamics in the Pyrochlore Heisenberg Antiferromagnet.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Stochastic parameter optimization analysis of dynamical quantum critical phenomena in the long-range transverse-field Ising chain.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Control of probability flow in Markov chain Monte Carlo-Nonreversibility and lifting.

The Journal of chemical physics·2024
Same author

Extraordinary Magnetic Response of an Anisotropic 2D Antiferromagnet via Site Dilution.

Nano letters·2023
Same author

Lifted directed-worm algorithm.

Physical review. E·2022
Same author

A noise-robust data assimilation method for crystal structure determination using powder diffraction intensity.

The Journal of chemical physics·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks
10:13

A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: April 28, 2023

3.2K

Generalized Moment Method for Gap Estimation and Quantum Monte Carlo Level Spectroscopy.

Hidemaro Suwa1,2, Synge Todo2,3

  • 1Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

We developed an unbiased method for estimating energy gaps in quantum systems using worldline quantum Monte Carlo. This approach reliably estimates error bars and precisely determines quantum phase transitions.

More Related Videos

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.2K
Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
08:04

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids

Published on: May 27, 2020

9.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks
10:13

A Technical Guide for Performing Spectroscopic Measurements on Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: April 28, 2023

3.2K
Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.2K
Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
08:04

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids

Published on: May 27, 2020

9.1K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Many-Body Physics
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Accurate energy gap estimation is crucial for understanding quantum systems.
  • Conventional methods in quantum Monte Carlo can suffer from ambiguity and bias.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate a convergent and unbiased sequence for energy gap estimation.
  • To eliminate ambiguity in gap calculations for quantum systems.
  • To develop level spectroscopy from quantum Monte Carlo data.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a convergent sequence for energy gap estimation.
  • Application of unbiased gap estimation to level spectroscopy.
  • Analysis of quantum Monte Carlo data.

Main Results:

  • An unbiased energy gap estimation method is formulated, reliable in the low-temperature limit.
  • Error bars are reliably estimated.
  • The Kosterlitz-Thouless quantum phase-transition point of the spin-Peierls model is precisely determined.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides unbiased energy gap estimation and reliable error bars.
  • Quantum phonons are essential to critical theories governed by the antiadiabatic limit.
  • Precise determination of quantum phase transitions is achieved.