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Related Concept Videos

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

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Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
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Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding01:26

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Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
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Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

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Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Enteral Feedings in Children: Sorting Out Tubes, Buttons, and Formulas.

Sarah Vermilyea1, Vi Lier Goh2

  • 1ChildServe, Clinical Dietetics, Johnston, Iowa.

Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|September 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enteral nutrition (EN) provides nutrients via a tube for infants and children. This guide covers EN access, formulas, and advancement, crucial for healthcare professionals managing complex nutritional needs.

Keywords:
childenteral nutritiongastrostomyinfantinfant formulajejunostomypediatric

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Dietetics

Background:

  • Enteral nutrition (EN) is vital for infants and children unable to consume food orally.
  • Evolving medical treatments and surgical procedures impact EN indications and contraindications.
  • Selecting appropriate EN methods, routes, and formulas presents a complex challenge due to numerous options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of enteral nutrition (EN) for pediatric patients.
  • To guide healthcare professionals in choosing and managing EN for infants and children.
  • To update knowledge on current EN practices, including formula selection and administration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical guidelines on pediatric enteral nutrition.
  • Discussion of various EN access placement techniques and maintenance strategies.
  • Analysis of different EN formula types, including human milk and specialized formulas.

Main Results:

  • Human milk is the optimal nutrition for infants when available, even via tube feeding.
  • A variety of formulas exist for infants lacking human milk and children over 12 months.
  • Cooked table food-based formulas are gaining renewed interest for specific pediatric populations.

Conclusions:

  • Healthcare professionals must be knowledgeable about the diverse options and best practices for pediatric EN.
  • Proper selection and management of EN are critical for optimizing nutritional outcomes in children.
  • Continuous updates on EN methods and recommendations are necessary to adapt to advancements in pediatric care.