CHD associated with syndromic diagnoses: peri-operative risk factors and early outcomes

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Genetics
• Pediatric Surgery

Background:

• Congenital heart disease (CHD) is often associated with genetic syndromes.
• These syndromes present complex cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular co-morbidities.
• These co-morbidities significantly increase peri-operative risks and can lead to poor outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the importance of recognizing co-morbidities in syndromic CHD.
• To emphasize the impact of these co-morbidities on peri-operative mortality and morbidity.
• To advocate for the development of syndrome-specific management protocols.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on genetic syndromes associated with CHD.
• Analysis of peri-operative risks and outcomes in patients with syndromic CHD.
• Case study examples, such as 22q11 deletion syndrome, to illustrate key points.

Main Results:

• Syndromic CHD patients face substantial peri-operative risks due to co-morbidities.
• These risks contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity, with long-term effects on neurodevelopment.
• Improved outcomes are achievable through tailored peri-operative evaluation and management.

Conclusions:

• Early recognition of syndrome-specific risks is crucial for managing patients with CHD.
• Developing syndrome-based protocols can optimize peri-operative care and improve patient outcomes.
• Proactive management strategies are essential for mitigating risks in frequently encountered syndromes like 22q11 deletion syndrome.