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Related Experiment Video

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Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
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Motor-Skill Learning Is Dependent on Astrocytic Activity.

Ragunathan Padmashri1, Anand Suresh1, Michael D Boska2

  • 1Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.

Neural Plasticity
|September 9, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Astrocytes, a type of brain cell, are crucial for motor-skill learning. Disrupting their calcium signaling impairs learning, but this can be reversed with D-serine, highlighting astrocytes

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Motor-skill learning involves synaptic plasticity in the primary motor cortex.
  • Astrocytes modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity via gliotransmitter release.
  • The specific role of astrocytes in motor-skill learning remains uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the necessity of astrocytic activity for motor-skill learning.
  • To determine if astrocyte calcium signaling is required for motor learning.

Main Methods:

  • Perturbation of astrocyte function using pharmacological (fluorocitrate) and genetic (IP3R2 inhibition) methods in mice.
  • Assessment of motor-skill learning using a forelimb reaching task.
  • Electrophysiological recordings to measure long-term potentiation (LTP) in brain slices.
  • In vivo analysis of synaptic AMPA-type glutamate receptors.

Main Results:

  • Impaired motor-skill learning in mice with perturbed astrocyte function.
  • Rescue of learning deficits by D-serine administration when astrocytic activity was inhibited.
  • Fluorocitrate blocked LTP in brain slices and prevented increases in synaptic AMPA receptors during motor learning.
  • Astrocyte calcium signaling is essential for motor learning and associated synaptic plasticity.

Conclusions:

  • Astrocytic activity, specifically calcium signaling, is necessary for motor-skill learning.
  • Gliotransmitter D-serine plays a role in rescuing learning deficits.
  • Impaired LTP and reduced synaptic AMPA receptor function underlie learning deficits caused by astrocyte dysfunction.