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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

45.7K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
45.7K

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Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
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Surface electrical stimulation to evoke referred sensation.

Johanna C Forst, Derek C Blok, Julia P Slopsema

    Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
    |September 9, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Surface electrical stimulation (SES) effectively evokes hand sensations in subjects. Researchers recommend using 10 data points for strength-duration curves to efficiently reproduce results for phantom limb pain treatment.

    Keywords:
    artificial sensationelectrical stimulationfeedbackparesthesiaphantom limb painreferred sensationsensationsensory feedbackstrength-duration curvesurface electrodes

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Rehabilitation Medicine

    Background:

    • Surface electrical stimulation (SES) offers a noninvasive approach to elicit sensations.
    • Potential applications include phantom limb pain management and sensory feedback delivery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate SES's ability to evoke natural sensations in the hand.
    • To determine strength-duration curve parameters for median and ulnar nerve stimulation.
    • To optimize data collection for reproducible strength-duration curves.

    Main Methods:

    • SES was applied to the median and/or ulnar nerves of 35 subjects at the elbow.
    • Strength-duration curves were generated to characterize hand sensations.
    • Rheobase and chronaxie values were calculated for each nerve.

    Main Results:

    • All subjects reported paresthesia-like sensations in their hands.
    • Median nerve stimulation showed lower rheobase and chronaxie values than the ulnar nerve.
    • Strength-duration curves exhibited variability, necessitating recalculation for each session.
    • 10 data points are recommended for efficient curve generation with minimal error.

    Conclusions:

    • SES is a viable method for evoking hand sensations.
    • Strength-duration curve parameters vary and require session-specific determination.
    • Optimized data collection (10 points) can ensure accurate and efficient curve reproduction.
    • Future research will explore diverse sensations using SES within defined parameter spaces.