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Apolipoprotein A-V concentration in preterm infants
Kazunori Kayama1, Tomoo Okada2, Kazumasa Fuwa1
1Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Journal of Clinical Lipidology
|September 10, 2015
Summary
Neonatal apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) concentrations are low but increase postnatally, correlating with triglyceride levels. Preterm infants, especially small-for-gestational age, show altered apoA-V levels and lipoprotein profiles.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal physiology
- Lipid metabolism
- Cardiovascular health
Background:
- Fetal development necessitates significant lipid supply, yet cord blood triglyceride levels are lower than in adults.
- Apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) is a key regulator of plasma triglyceride concentrations.
- Investigating neonatal apoA-V and its relationship with lipid profiles is crucial for understanding infant metabolic health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the association between serum apoA-V concentrations and lipoprotein profiles in preterm infants.
- To examine the early postnatal changes in serum apoA-V and lipoprotein profiles.
- To compare these profiles between term and preterm infants, and appropriate-for-gestational age versus small-for-gestational age neonates.
Main Methods:
- Serum apoA-V concentrations and lipoprotein profiles were measured in 63 neonates (15 term, 48 preterm) at birth and 1 month.
- Infants were categorized by gestational age and birth weight (appropriate-for-gestational age vs. small-for-gestational age).
- Statistical analyses correlated apoA-V levels with gestational age, birth weight Z-score, and very low-density lipoprotein triglyceride concentrations.
Main Results:
- Cord blood apoA-V concentrations were significantly lower in term and preterm infants compared to adults, with the lowest levels in small-for-gestational age infants.
- Serum apoA-V concentrations increased substantially in the first month, with preterm appropriate-for-gestational age infants showing catch-up growth, unlike preterm small-for-gestational age infants.
- ApoA-V levels at birth positively correlated with gestational age and very low-density lipoprotein triglyceride concentrations, a relationship that persisted at 1 month.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal apoA-V serum concentrations exhibit unique patterns compared to adults.
- The association between apoA-V and lipoprotein profiles, particularly triglycerides, is established early in life.
- Understanding these dynamics is vital for assessing and managing lipid metabolism in neonates, especially preterm infants.
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