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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Dynamically stabilized magnetic skyrmions.

Y Zhou1,2, E Iacocca3, A A Awad3

  • 1York-Nanjing Joint Center for Spintronics and Nano Engineering (YNJC), School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.

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|September 10, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered dynamically stabilized magnetic skyrmions, which can be controlled without Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) or dipolar forces. This opens new possibilities for manipulating these quasiparticles in various materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected spin textures.
  • Existing skyrmions are stabilized by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) or dipolar interactions.
  • These stabilization methods limit the range of materials and applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the existence of dynamically stabilized magnetic skyrmions.
  • To investigate methods for nucleating, sustaining, and manipulating these dynamic skyrmions.
  • To explore skyrmion behavior in the absence and presence of DMI.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical demonstration of dynamically stabilized skyrmions.
  • Simulation of skyrmion nucleation and manipulation via nanocontacts.
  • Analysis of skyrmion dynamics in nanowires with and without DMI.

Main Results:

  • Dynamically stabilized skyrmions were shown to exist without DMI or dipolar interactions.
  • Effective methods for nucleating, sustaining, and transporting these skyrmions were established.
  • Skyrmion breathing was observed in the presence of DMI, while transport without DMI was confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamically stabilized skyrmions offer a new paradigm for skyrmion manipulation.
  • This discovery expands the range of materials suitable for skyrmion-based technologies.
  • The findings pave the way for novel spintronic devices and applications.